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Gustave de Molinari (March 3, 1819 - January 28, 1912) was a Belgian-born economist associated with a French "économistes", a class action of laissez-faire liberals.
Throughout his life, together by having a more économistes, Molinari defended peace, free trade, freedom of speech, freedom of association (including voluntary trade unions), & liberty altogether its forms, and opposing slavery, colonialism, mercantilism, protectionism, imperialism, nationalism, corporatism, economic interventionism, government control of arts & educatiin, and completely restraints on liberty. Sleep in Paris, in the 1840s, he took part in the "Ligue pour la Liberté des Échanges" (Free streaming Trade League), alive by Frederic Bastiat. around his dying bed in 1850, Bastiat described Molinari as a continuator of his works.
Within 1849, shortly after the revolutions of the previous year, Molinari published two works: an essay, A Production of Security, & the book, Les Soirées de la Rue Saint-Lazare, describing how else the free market in justice and protection can well replenish a state. In the foreword to the 1977 English translation Murray Rothbard called The Production of Security a "first presentation anywhere in human history of what is now called anarcho-capitalism" though admitting that "Molinari did not use the terminology, and probably would have balked at the name."
In the 1850s, Molinari fled to Belgium to escape threats from France's Emperor Napoleon III. He returned to Paris in the 1860s to work on the influential newspaper, Le Journal des Debats, which he edited from 1871 to 1876. Molinari went in to edit a Journal des Économistes, a publication of the French Political Economy Society, from either 1881 until 1909. Around his 1899 book, The Society of the First, he moderated his positiin on defense slightly, calling for personal regional monopolies like than competing defense agents.
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